-> Batch operating system is one that processes routine jobs without any interactive user presents. Such as claim processing in insurance and sales reporting etc.
-> To improve utilization, the concept of batch operating system was developed.
-> Jobs with similar needs were batched together and were run through the computer as a group.
-> Thus, the programmer would leave their program with operator, who in turn would sort program into batches with similar requirements.
-> The operator then loaded a special program (the ancestor of today’s operating system), which read the first job from magnetic tape and run it.
-> The output was written onto a second magnetic tape, instead of being printed.
-> After each job finished, the operating system automatically read the next job from the tape and began running it.
-> When the whole batch was done, the operator removed the input and output tapes,replaced the input tape with the next batch, and brought the output tape for offline printing.
-> With the use of this type of operating system, the user no longer has direct access to machine.
Advantages:
-> Move much of the work of the operator to the computer.
-> Increase performance since it was possible for job to start as soon as the previous job finished.
Disadvantages:
-> Large Turnaround time.
-> More difficult to debug program.
-> Due to lack of protection scheme one batch job can affect pending jobs.
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