-> Operating system services and facilities can be grouped into following areas:
Program development
-> Operating system provides editors and debuggers to assist (help) the programmer in creating programs.
-> Usually these services are in the form of utility programs and not strictly part of core operating system. They are supplied with operating system and referred as application program development tools.
Program execution
-> A number of tasks need to be performed to execute a program, such as instructions and data must be loaded into main memory. I/O devices and files must be initialized.
-> The operating system handles these scheduling duties for the user.
Access to I/O devices
-> Each I/O devices requires its own set of instruction for operations.
-> Operating system provides a uniform interface that hides these details, so the programmer can access such devices using simple reads and writes.
Memory Management
-> Operating System manages memory hierarchy.
-> It keeps the track of which parts of memory are in use and free memory.
-> It allocates the memory to programs when they need it.
-> It de-allocates the memory when programs finish execution.
Controlled access to file
-> In the case of file access, operating system provides a directory hierarchy for easy access and management of files.
-> OS provides various file handling commands using which users can easily read, write, and modify files.
-> In case of system with multiple users, the operating system may provide protection mechanism to control access to file.
System access
-> In case of public systems, the operating system controls access to the system as a whole.
-> The access function must provide protection of resources and data from unauthorized users.
Error detection and response
-> Various types of errors can occur while a computer system is running, which includes internal and external hardware errors. For example, memory error, device failure error and software errors as arithmetic overflow.
-> In case, operating system must provide a response that clears error condition with least impact on running applications.
Accounting
-> A good operating system collects usage for various resources and monitor performance parameters.
-> On any system, this information is useful in anticipating need for future enhancements.
Protection & Security
-> Operating systems provides various options for protection and security purpose.
-> It allows the users to secure files from unwanted usage.
-> It protects restricted memory area from unauthorized access.
Program development
-> Operating system provides editors and debuggers to assist (help) the programmer in creating programs.
-> Usually these services are in the form of utility programs and not strictly part of core operating system. They are supplied with operating system and referred as application program development tools.
Program execution
-> A number of tasks need to be performed to execute a program, such as instructions and data must be loaded into main memory. I/O devices and files must be initialized.
-> The operating system handles these scheduling duties for the user.
Access to I/O devices
-> Each I/O devices requires its own set of instruction for operations.
-> Operating system provides a uniform interface that hides these details, so the programmer can access such devices using simple reads and writes.
Memory Management
-> Operating System manages memory hierarchy.
-> It keeps the track of which parts of memory are in use and free memory.
-> It allocates the memory to programs when they need it.
-> It de-allocates the memory when programs finish execution.
Controlled access to file
-> In the case of file access, operating system provides a directory hierarchy for easy access and management of files.
-> OS provides various file handling commands using which users can easily read, write, and modify files.
-> In case of system with multiple users, the operating system may provide protection mechanism to control access to file.
System access
-> In case of public systems, the operating system controls access to the system as a whole.
-> The access function must provide protection of resources and data from unauthorized users.
Error detection and response
-> Various types of errors can occur while a computer system is running, which includes internal and external hardware errors. For example, memory error, device failure error and software errors as arithmetic overflow.
-> In case, operating system must provide a response that clears error condition with least impact on running applications.
Accounting
-> A good operating system collects usage for various resources and monitor performance parameters.
-> On any system, this information is useful in anticipating need for future enhancements.
Protection & Security
-> Operating systems provides various options for protection and security purpose.
-> It allows the users to secure files from unwanted usage.
-> It protects restricted memory area from unauthorized access.
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